Adscripticius: Adscripticius - an additional soldier of the Roman Republic who served to fill the places of those who were killed or disabled
Aquilifer: Aquilifer carried the legionary eagle. Armicustos: Armicustos was a quartermaster - tasked with the administration and supply of weapons
Auxiliaries: Auxiliaries (from Latin: auxilia meaning "supports") formed the standing non-citizen corpsBallistarius: Ballistarius was an artillery operator.
Beneficiarii: Beneficiarii - orderlies who performed various services for the higher army officersCataphractarii: Cataphractarii were heavily armed and armoured cavalrymen deployed in the 2nd Century AD
Centurion: A Centurion was an important role in the Roman Army Ranks. A centurion had 100 men in his commandCenturiones exercitatores: Centuriones exercitatores were the training officers for the cavalry
Cohortes equitates: Cohortes equitates were the mixed cohorts of cavalry and infantryConicen (cornicines): A Conicen was the horn-blower in the Roman Army ranks. There was one to every century.
Cornicularius: Cornicularius An administrative officer within a legion Decanus: Decanus was the first rank that a legionary could be promoted to. Similar to a modern-day Sergeant
Discentes signiferorum: Discentes signiferorum A trainee standard bearerDraconarius: Draconarius was a Roman cavalry standard bearer
Duplicarius: Duplicarius was an officer of the Roman legions receiving double the basic pay.Equites: Equites - Roman citizen horse troops drawn from the Roman equestrian class.
Evocati: Evocati were soldiers who had served their full time but had re-enlisted at the general's request - veteran volunteersExtraordinarii: Extraordinarii Soldiers set aside for special backup services. This force usually contained 20% of the infantry and 33% of the cavalry
Hastiliarius: Hastiliarius was a weapons instructor Hastati: Hastati (raw troops). The soldiers of the first line consisted of youths and were armed with the hasta, or spear
Imaginifer: Imaginifer: Carried the Standard bearing the three dimensional image of the Emperor
Immunes: Immunes were soldiers who had special skills and who were "immune" from combat duty and fatigues through having a more specialist role within the army Lancearii: Lancearii - Spear armed mail clad field troopers
Legate (Legatus or Legatus legionis): Legatus or Legatus legionis A legatus (often anglicized as legate) was a general in the Roman army,Libritors: Libritors were artillerymen who operated siege engines such as the onager
Miles or Miles Gregarius: Miles or Miles Gregarius - The basic private level foot soldier Munifex: Munifex The lowest rank in a legion. Equivalent to a private
Optio: Optio A legion centurion's second in commandPeditatus: Peditatus - a term referring to any infantryman
Pilus prior: Pilus prior A high ranking officer within a manipuli who also commanded the cohorts Praetor: Praetor was the commander of an army
Prefectus: Prefectus A general term used for the holders of different ranks in the militaryPrefectus castrorum: Prefectus castrorum The third in command in a legion
Prefectus equitatius: Prefectus equitatius An officer commanding a unit of cavalryPrefectus fabrorum: Prefectus fabrorum An officer who had responsibility for the craftsmen supplying services to the military. Blacksmiths, metal workers etc
Primus Pilus: Primus Pilus: Legion CommanderPrincipes: Principes (trained troops) composed of experienced men
Quaestionarius: Quaestionarius - an interrogator or torturer.Sagittarii: Sagittarii - archers, including horse-riding auxiliary archers recruited mainly in the Eastern Empire and Africa
Scorpionarius: Scorpionarius was an artilleryman operating a scorpion artillery weapon
Signifier: The Signifier carried the Century's standard (signum) into battle and was also the treasurer for the Century. Senior Officer in a CenturySocii: Socii - Conscripts
Triarii: Triarii (veterans) Experienced soldiers were armed with the pilum, four and a half feet long, of wood, with a barbed head of iron, so that the whole length of the weapon was six feet nine inches.Tribune (Tribunus): Tribune (Latin:Tribunus) One of six assistants to a legion commander, the Primus Pilus. Usually a young senator learning the basics for his career
Tribunus Cohortis: Tribunus Cohortis: Commander of a Cohort military unit. Tribunus Cohortis Urbanae: Tribunus Cohortis Urbanae: Urban cohort commander.
Tubicines: The trumpetersVelites: Velites The light soldiers. Unlike the Hastaii, they did not have full armour, although they did have a helmet and a shield. They were also armed with a sword, but had a only a short javelin as opposed to a pilum.
Venator: Venator - a hunter (a type of immunes) Vexillarius: The bearer of the vexillum standard
Aquilifer: Aquilifer carried the legionary eagle. Armicustos: Armicustos was a quartermaster - tasked with the administration and supply of weapons
Auxiliaries: Auxiliaries (from Latin: auxilia meaning "supports") formed the standing non-citizen corpsBallistarius: Ballistarius was an artillery operator.
Beneficiarii: Beneficiarii - orderlies who performed various services for the higher army officersCataphractarii: Cataphractarii were heavily armed and armoured cavalrymen deployed in the 2nd Century AD
Centurion: A Centurion was an important role in the Roman Army Ranks. A centurion had 100 men in his commandCenturiones exercitatores: Centuriones exercitatores were the training officers for the cavalry
Cohortes equitates: Cohortes equitates were the mixed cohorts of cavalry and infantryConicen (cornicines): A Conicen was the horn-blower in the Roman Army ranks. There was one to every century.
Cornicularius: Cornicularius An administrative officer within a legion Decanus: Decanus was the first rank that a legionary could be promoted to. Similar to a modern-day Sergeant
Discentes signiferorum: Discentes signiferorum A trainee standard bearerDraconarius: Draconarius was a Roman cavalry standard bearer
Duplicarius: Duplicarius was an officer of the Roman legions receiving double the basic pay.Equites: Equites - Roman citizen horse troops drawn from the Roman equestrian class.
Evocati: Evocati were soldiers who had served their full time but had re-enlisted at the general's request - veteran volunteersExtraordinarii: Extraordinarii Soldiers set aside for special backup services. This force usually contained 20% of the infantry and 33% of the cavalry
Hastiliarius: Hastiliarius was a weapons instructor Hastati: Hastati (raw troops). The soldiers of the first line consisted of youths and were armed with the hasta, or spear
Imaginifer: Imaginifer: Carried the Standard bearing the three dimensional image of the Emperor
Immunes: Immunes were soldiers who had special skills and who were "immune" from combat duty and fatigues through having a more specialist role within the army Lancearii: Lancearii - Spear armed mail clad field troopers
Legate (Legatus or Legatus legionis): Legatus or Legatus legionis A legatus (often anglicized as legate) was a general in the Roman army,Libritors: Libritors were artillerymen who operated siege engines such as the onager
Miles or Miles Gregarius: Miles or Miles Gregarius - The basic private level foot soldier Munifex: Munifex The lowest rank in a legion. Equivalent to a private
Optio: Optio A legion centurion's second in commandPeditatus: Peditatus - a term referring to any infantryman
Pilus prior: Pilus prior A high ranking officer within a manipuli who also commanded the cohorts Praetor: Praetor was the commander of an army
Prefectus: Prefectus A general term used for the holders of different ranks in the militaryPrefectus castrorum: Prefectus castrorum The third in command in a legion
Prefectus equitatius: Prefectus equitatius An officer commanding a unit of cavalryPrefectus fabrorum: Prefectus fabrorum An officer who had responsibility for the craftsmen supplying services to the military. Blacksmiths, metal workers etc
Primus Pilus: Primus Pilus: Legion CommanderPrincipes: Principes (trained troops) composed of experienced men
Quaestionarius: Quaestionarius - an interrogator or torturer.Sagittarii: Sagittarii - archers, including horse-riding auxiliary archers recruited mainly in the Eastern Empire and Africa
Scorpionarius: Scorpionarius was an artilleryman operating a scorpion artillery weapon
Signifier: The Signifier carried the Century's standard (signum) into battle and was also the treasurer for the Century. Senior Officer in a CenturySocii: Socii - Conscripts
Triarii: Triarii (veterans) Experienced soldiers were armed with the pilum, four and a half feet long, of wood, with a barbed head of iron, so that the whole length of the weapon was six feet nine inches.Tribune (Tribunus): Tribune (Latin:Tribunus) One of six assistants to a legion commander, the Primus Pilus. Usually a young senator learning the basics for his career
Tribunus Cohortis: Tribunus Cohortis: Commander of a Cohort military unit. Tribunus Cohortis Urbanae: Tribunus Cohortis Urbanae: Urban cohort commander.
Tubicines: The trumpetersVelites: Velites The light soldiers. Unlike the Hastaii, they did not have full armour, although they did have a helmet and a shield. They were also armed with a sword, but had a only a short javelin as opposed to a pilum.
Venator: Venator - a hunter (a type of immunes) Vexillarius: The bearer of the vexillum standard